AHA, BHA, and PHA are three types of acids used for exfoliation, which help remove dead skin cells, leaving the skin smoother and brighter. Although they all have similar benefits, there are differences between the three. Read more about their differences and functions in the review below.
The difference between AHA BHA and PHA
AHA, BHA, and PHA are exfoliating ingredients that help remove dead skin cells and transform dull skin into brighter, more radiant skin. However, each of these acids is suitable for certain skin types. Therefore, be aware of the following differences:
1. Alpha hydroxy AC code (Eh)
Alpha hydroxy acids (AHA) is a water-soluble acid that works on the skin. It acts as an exfoliant and helps to retain moisture in the skin. One of the best-known AHAs for skin care is glycolic acid.
By smoothing the skin and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, glycolic acid peels can help treat damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) rays. It exfoliates the skin by inducing cell death, which causes skin cells to destroy themselves.
Although alpha hydroxy acids exfoliate and make pores appear more refined, it is important to use sunscreen afterward.
2. Beta hydroxy AC code (BHA)
Beta hydroxy acid (BHA) is a group of acids that includes different forms of salicylic acid and citric acid. These are useful for oily skin.
BHA is fat-soluble, so it can penetrate deeper into the skin than AHA, and can cleanse pores and reduce oil production. Cleansing pores can help reduce the appearance of enlarged pores.
Salicylic acid is known to provide relief. acne And reduce the occurrence of blackheads. The benefits of salicylic acid can also be used to treat calluses and warts.
3. Polyhydroxy AC code (Phra)
Polyhydroxy acids (PHA) A compound composed of gluconolactone, lacto-bionic acid, and malto-bionic acid. Due to its larger molecular structure than AHAs, PHAs are better for sensitive skin, such as rosacea or eczema, as they are absorbed into the skin more slowly and less deeply.
Some of these compounds also help to retain moisture and gently exfoliate the skin. As a result, PHAs, like AHAs, can improve the appearance of sun-damaged skin. Unlike AHAs, PHAs do not make the skin more sensitive to sunlight.
Read more: Bioderma product recommendations for treating dull facial skin
The functions of AHA, BHA and PHA
AHA, BHA and PHA are beneficial for skin problems, especially exfoliation. They also have the following functions:
1. AHA
AHAs can help combat wrinkles and uneven skin tone for a more youthful appearance. The benefits of AHAs can also help with pigmentation simply by removing dead skin cells on the surface of the skin. Exfoliation can stimulate the rapid regeneration of the epidermis (the outer layer of skin).
2. BHA
BHA has the following benefits:
- BHA is oil-soluble, while AHA is water-soluble only, so it is best for those with oily T-zone (forehead, nose, and chin).
- BHA has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and can penetrate the deepest layers of oil that clog the skin.
- BHA also helps to fade dark spots and reduce redness. Salicylic acid is a widely used BHA.
- BHA is available in different forms, each designed to treat specific facial areas.
3. Cliff
PHAs are especially useful for those who find other acids too harsh. PHAs can be used to restore even the most sensitive skin.
BHA has also been shown to be good for dry, itchy skin, including eczema and rosacea.
Read more: Recommendations for the best facial scrub brands
How to use AHA, BHA and PHA?
Apply AHA, BHA and PHA gently on clean, dry face, then rinse with warm water.
Peeling solutions are a concentrated form of direct acid and require care when using them.
It's a good idea to do a patch test before choosing any exfoliant, no matter how gentle, by applying a small amount of the solution to the inside of your wrist. If you don't see any reaction after 48 hours, you may want to apply it to your face.
It’s best to gradually incorporate an exfoliating product into your skincare routine, but you’ll want to do it slowly, increasing the frequency of use per week.
First, start with once a week, then gradually increase to twice a week as your skin adjusts and becomes more tolerant to exfoliation.
Read more: Here’s how to choose the right skincare products for every type of face.
Are AHA, BHA and PHA safe to use together?
You can incorporate products containing AHAs, PHAs, and BHAs into your skincare routine. There are many skincare brands that include these groups of acids in varying concentrations in their cosmetic formulations.
But it’s important to remember that the higher the concentration and lower the pH of a chemical exfoliant, the more effective it will be, so there’s very little to do with this type of skin care.
Over-exfoliation can cause skin irritation, such as inflammation and dryness, which can sometimes be accompanied by acne and peeling.
Ideally, you should choose one chemical exfoliant based on your skin type and skin-care concerns. If you want to mix and match different acid formulas based on your skin's needs, separate the two products into a day and night routine, and use the third product for occasional weekly or monthly use, depending on your treatment goals.
For example, someone with combination skin might want a product with a BHA to treat acne and an AHA to hydrate drier areas of the skin. But when using both acids, if using two separate formulas, it’s best to split them between your morning and evening skincare routines.
This is a review of the differences between AHA, BHA and PHA that you must know, especially for those who regularly take care of their skin with products like: Basic skin care products–
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